Soil or drain pipe



(No Model.)

P. W. DOHERTY.

SOIL OBJ DRAIN PIPE.

m M 6, .I... 0E ,w .M /m nr. Z m f 6 .m y e my N PETERS. PhnxwLinwgmphu. washmgmn. uA C against leakage of gases, &c.

entering a soil, waste, or drain pipe, trap, 8vo.,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

PATRICK W. DOHERTY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

SOIL OR DRAIN PIPE.

'SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,476` dated February 16, 1886.

' Application filed January 15, 1885. Serial No.153,002. (No model.)

.To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

A Be it known that I, PATRICK IV. DOHERTY,

of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of .Massachusetta have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Soil or Drain Pipes, &c., of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description.

` In the pipes and traps of various kinds used in the water and drainage systems of dwellinghouses and other buildings hand or clean-out holes are provided at various points, through `which to enter them to clean them from time to time. These hand-holes are closed with a cover or plug,which is adapted to be removed and replaced at pleasure, and is intended to be sealed at its joint with the pipe or trap It is to the formation of these hand-holes and to the construction of them and of their cover for closing and sealing them that this invention pertains; and to that end it consists, first, of a hand-hole for whichA is located in one side of the pipe, in combination with an enlargement of the pipe at either one or both, preferably both, sides of said hole, whereby greater space in the pipe and facility are afforded for the cleaning out of the pipe with the hand or otherwise; second, of a hand-hole for entering a soil, waste, or drain pipe, trap, dto., made of cast-iron, in combination with a cover or lid for said handhole, constructed with male and female screwthreads, or equivalent devices-such as engaging lugs-for the attachment of the cover to the hand-opening of the pipe to close said opening, and having one or both thereof made of a separate piece, preferably of a non-corrosive material-such as brass or other suitable metal-properly secured in position; third, in a hand-hole for entering a soil,waste, or drain pipe, trap, &c., provided with a cover or lid for closing said hand-hole, either one or both of which (one being sufficient) is provided with a screw-threaded ring or collar, or equivalent devicessuch as interlocking lugs-preferably of a non-corrosive metal-such as brass or other suitable metal-whichis made separate from the cover or the pipe, as the case may be, and is attached to it by casting the metal of which the pipe or cover-iron, for instance-is made about and to said ring, which ring is of suitable constructiomas the pipe or cover is so cast to make an interlock between them to secure it against accidental movement or displacement in use; fourth, of a hand-hole for entering a soil, waste, or drain pipe, trap,

flange or lip to enter said hand-hole, and constructed, the one with a groove or recess for receiving a packing-such as india-rubber or other suitable material-aud the other with a iiange or lip to enter said packing-receiving groove.

In the accompanying drawings this inven- `tion is illustrated with a section of an iron soil or waste pipe, otherwise of ordinary construction, and Figure l is a central longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a plan view with half of the cover removed. Fig. 4 is a view in modification. Fig. 5 isa cross-section, and Fig. 6 is a detail section, thereof; and Fig. 7 is a crosssection, enlarged in deta-il, all showing modifications hereinafter described.

In the drawings, A is a section of a soil or waste pipe, as usual made of cast-iron or of any othersuitable material. Bisthehand-opening, and C is the cover or lid. The hand-opening,

through a circular riser or rim, D, of the pipe, which exteriorly is made with a female screwthread, a, to receive the male screw-thread b on the outside of the circular iange or rim projecting from the outside face of the cover or lid. The pipe at each side of the hand-opening is a similar rounding shape, running lengthwise of the sides of the pipes and corresponding exterior] y in direction and curve to the outer edge or periphery of the riser D, which surrounds the hand-opening, and the two enlargements meet and coincide with the pipe itselt at the side thereof directly opposite to the handopening. This bulge or enlargement of the pipe permits the making of a handhole inthe pipe of increased diameter, and also gives iucreased space in the pipe and at the hand-opening for the movement of the hand in cleaning out the pipe, and the extreme external diameter of the bulge can be in excess without intertlie extreme external diameter of the regular for the reception of the smaller end, as at G of ference with the setting of the pipe, &c., of-

dto., and of a cover or lid constructed with a as shown, is made round and extends outward roo hub or enlargement F 'at one end of the pipe s made with an enlargement or bulge, E, each of 5 the section shown of another section of the pipe.

The female screw-thread of the hand-open.- ing is in a ring, H, of metal-malleable or wrought iron, for example-and this ring on its exterior edge is made of angular shape, as at d, and it is secured in place in the pipe by casting the pipe about and aroundits angular edge, and, again, the outer surface, f, of the ring H has an annular depression, c, making, with the riser D of the pipe and as the pipe is cast, an annular groove or recess, g, surrounding thehandopening B,for the reception cfa packingring, h, ofleather, india-rubber, or a packing of any other suitable material.

The male screw-thread b of the cover C is in a ring, J, of metal, brass, or other non-corro sive metal or 1naterial,and this ring .T interior- 1y has a series of pins or studs, k, and it is secured in place upon the cover by casting it (the cover) upon and against its inner side, Z, provided with the pins or studs. The studs fasten the screw-threaded ring to the cover and prevent its accidental movement or displacement in use, and by making the ring of a non-corrosive metal or material-such as brass-the threads of the cover are always free for. being worked in the threads of the handopening, and the same would be true were the threads of the hand-opening in lieu of those of the cover made of brass or other non-corrosive metal or material, or were both threads so made.

The pins or studs k on the ring J may be dispensed with and depressions or cavities substituted for them, or both pins or depressions may be used.

K is an annular flange or lip in the inner face of the cover and in position to enter the packing-grooveg, surrounding the hand-Opening. The cover C on its outer faceis provided with a square or other polygonal-shaped knob or projection, L, to receive a wrench or other toolfor turning the cover in and out of the screw-thread handopening B ofthe pipe. 'The side enlargements ofthe pipe, as before stated, enable a handopening of increased diameter to be made in the pipe, and to an extent sufficient to secure the greatest facility and freedom in the cleaning out of the pipe when the cover to the handopening is removed, and this feature of the invention is applicable to squareshaped as well as round-shaped hand-openings.

The construction of the hand-opening and of its cover for attachment by screwing the one into the other is a most secure and desirable mode of fastening the cover in place, and combined with a construction for packing the cover between it and the pipe, substantially as described, it enables the joint of the cover and pipe to be most perfectly sealed against the escape of foul or sewer gases, or other I leakage from the pipe at said joint.

A receiving-groove, g, for packing h, maybe made in the cover B and the entering flange K on the pipe A, instead of the groove in the the cover may lap over the outer edge of the riser B on the pipe. (See Fig. 4.)

The hand-opening, as also the other features making up this invention, all substantially as herein described, can be used in all kinds of drain, soil, and waste pipes and traps-as, for instance, inrbends, eigliths, quarters, halves, double-hub, long, .or return, in branches of T shape, or of a single or double Y shape, in cross-heads, in offsets, in traps running or of .S shape, &c., and it is not intended to limit the invention in any of these regards.

The entering of the cover into the handopening acts, in connection with the packing between the cover and pipe around the handopening, all substantially as described, to increase the efficiency and reliability of sealing the joint of the cover and pipe against escape of obnoxious and offensive gases and other leakage from the pipe, Ste.

It is preferable to make the enlargement of the pipe ,described on opposite sides of the hand-hole; but it may be made only on oneV Aside of the handhole, and the cover and riser about the hand-opening may be constructed for-the former to be screwed over and upon the outside of the latter, in lieu of upon the inside, as has been particularly described. (See4 Fig. 7

Lugs L2 L", Figs. 5 and 6, for engaging with each other, may be used upon the cover and in the hand-opening, in lieu of screw-threads, as herein particularlydescribed,or other wellknown forms of construction which will allow the cover to be turned into the opening, and as so turned therein made secure against accidental escape, may be be used.

And again, while this invention has been herein particularly shown and described in detail as having the cover attached to the pipe at the liand-opening by turning it into said opening,it is obvious that theinvention herein described is as applicable to covers and hand- 1 openings which are adapted for the cover to' be attached to the hand-openings by turning it on the outside of the wall of the pipe surl rounding the hand-opening, Figs. 5 and 6.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

l. In a section of waste, soil, and other like pipes, having a hub or enlargement, E, to receive interiorly the end of another section, a hand-hole or clean-out opening,B, through one side of the pipe, and an enlargement or bulge, E, thereof, of the same direction as the inner wall or periphery of said opening, the bulge of larger diameter than the pipe, and it and said opening ofunequal diameters, in combi-v nation with an attachable and detachable roo cover to said opening, substantially as deconstructed to be turned onto the pipe, and

scribed, for the purpose specified. the contiguous face or faces of a non-corrosive I 5 2. In waste, soil, and other pipes and traps metal, in combination with a packing-receivmade of castiron, a hand-hole or clean-out I ing groove, g, and flange K, substantially as opening, B, and a cast-iron cover, C, therefor, described, for the purpose specified.

constructed to be turned onto the pipe, and In testimony whereof Iliave hereunto setmy the contiguous i'aee or faces of a. non-corrosive metal-such as brass-separately made and nesses.

attached substantially as described for the f ,T

purposespecied- PATRICK Xl DOHDRTY.

3. In waste, soil, and other pipes and traps Witnesses:

made of east-iron, a hand-hole or clean-out ALBERT W. BROWN, opening, B, andacast-iron cover, C, therefor, l

WM. S. BELLoWs.

hand in the presence of two subscribing Wit- 2o 

